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European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology

06-09-2024 | Epstein-Barr Virus | Rhinology

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Sarawak : a 10-year review and update

Authors: Boon Han Kevin Ng, Kah Chong Hoe, Yueh Ni Lim, Chun Yiing Wong, Pei Jye Voon, Ing Ping Tang

Published in: European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology

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Abstract

Aim

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is prevalent in certain regions, particularly Southeast Asia and Southern China. In Malaysia, it is notably frequent among the Bidayuh community. This study presents a comprehensive review of NPC cases diagnosed and treated at Sarawak General Hospital from 2010 to 2020.

Method

A retrospective data collection was conducted using the clinical records of patients who were histopathologically diagnosed with NPC at the Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Clinic and the Radiotherapy & Oncology Clinic at Sarawak General Hospital.

Result

The study comprised a total of 892 patients from 2010 to 2020. Males outnumbered females 3-to-1, with a mean age of 51 years (standard deviation: 13.9). The largest groups of patients were the Iban (34%) and the Bidayuh (21%), followed by the Chinese (19%) and the Malay (15%). The Bidayuh had the highest incidence rate with 81 cases per 100,000. Only 10% of the study population had a family history of NPC. The most common presentation was a neck lump (64.5%). Distant metastasis was discovered in 20% of patients. 82% of the cases were stage 3 or 4 at the time of presentation. The histological types of the 892 cases were mainly undifferentiated carcinoma (73%). Eighty-six patients developed recurrence, with 83% experiencing local recurrence, 10% developing distant metastasis, and 7% developing regional recurrence. Treatment for recurrence included nasopharyngectomy, neck dissection, and chemotherapy.

Conclusion

The study highlights a significant incidence of NPC among the Bidayuh. Emphasis on screening and early detection is crucial for better outcomes, with lifelong follow-up recommended.
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Metadata
Title
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Sarawak : a 10-year review and update
Authors
Boon Han Kevin Ng
Kah Chong Hoe
Yueh Ni Lim
Chun Yiing Wong
Pei Jye Voon
Ing Ping Tang
Publication date
06-09-2024
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology
Print ISSN: 0937-4477
Electronic ISSN: 1434-4726
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-024-08955-9