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Current Nutrition Reports

Dietary Patterns, Physical Activity, Sleep, and Risk for Dementia and Cognitive Decline

  • 01-12-2018
  • Neurological Disease and Cognitive Function (Y Gu, Section Editor)
Published in:
Authors
Chen Zhao
James M. Noble
Karen Marder
Jacob S. Hartman
Yian Gu
Nikolaos Scarmeas
Published in
Current Nutrition Reports | Issue 4/2018

Abstract

Purpose of Review

Diet, physical activity, and sleep are three major modifiable lifestyle factors. This selective review examines the evidence for strong and reliable associations between these three lifestyle factors and risk of dementia and cognitive decline, in an effort to assist clinicians with providing more informed answers to the common questions they face from patients.

Recent Findings

Certain aspects of nutrition can decrease risk for dementia. Physical activity has also been associated with delayed or slower age-related cognitive decline. In addition, emerging evidence links sleep dysfunction and dementia, with amyloid deposition being a possible mediator.

Summary

Data from further clinical trials are needed before more definitive conclusions can be drawn regarding the efficacy of these lifestyle interventions for lowering the risk of incident dementia and cognitive decline. Nevertheless, it is reasonable to make recommendations to our patients to adopt certain dietary changes and to engage in regular physical activity to improve cardiovascular risk factors for dementia. It is also reasonable to include questions on sleep during cognitive evaluations of the elderly, given the common co-occurrence of sleep dysfunction and cognitive impairment in the elderly population.
Title
Dietary Patterns, Physical Activity, Sleep, and Risk for Dementia and Cognitive Decline
Authors
Chen Zhao
James M. Noble
Karen Marder
Jacob S. Hartman
Yian Gu
Nikolaos Scarmeas
Publication date
01-12-2018
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Current Nutrition Reports / Issue 4/2018
Electronic ISSN: 2161-3311
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13668-018-0247-9
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