Skip to main content
Key Specialties
Anesthesiology Cardiology Dermatology Diabetology Endocrinology Gastroenterology General Medicine Geriatrics Hematology Infectious Diseases Internal Medicine Nephrology Neurology Obstetrics and Gynecology Oncology Ophthalmology Pediatrics Psychiatry Radiology Respiratory Medicine Rheumatology Surgery Urology
Congress Coverage
ASH 2024 Annual Meeting 2024 ESMO Congress 2024 ERS Congress 2024 EASD Congress 2024 ESC Congress 2024 EAN Congress 2024 ASCO Annual Meeting 2024 ACC Congress
Clinical Collections
Advances in Alzheimer’s

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on adolescent vaping

LIVE: Wednesday 29th January, 18:00-19:30 CET

Growing numbers of young people are using e-cigarettes, despite warnings of respiratory effects and addiction. How can doctors tackle the epidemic, and what health effects should you prepare to manage in your clinics?
ADVANCED SEARCH
Log in
Top
International Journal of Implant Dentistry
Published in:

Open Access 01-12-2017 | Research

Correlations between clinical parameters in implant maintenance patients: analysis among healthy and history-of-periodontitis groups

Authors: Keisuke Seki, Shinya Nakabayashi, Naoki Tanabe, Atsushi Kamimoto, Yoshiyuki Hagiwara

Published in: International Journal of Implant Dentistry | Issue 1/2017

Login to get access

Abstract

Background

The pathophysiology and pathology of peri-implantitis remain unclear; however, its similarity to periodontitis has been described. The evaluation of peri-implant tissue and the diagnostic criteria of peri-implant disease are not currently standardized as they are for periodontitis. In this study, we evaluated clinical parameters during the implant maintenance period to determine significant correlations between these parameters.

Methods

We examined 55 implant patients at the time of maintenance visits between April and September 2016 and classified patients into a healthy group (H) and a history-of-periodontitis group (HP). For each implant, we evaluated the modified plaque index, probing pocket depth, and bleeding on probing as clinical parameters. Statistical analyses were performed with Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient.

Results

A total of 130 implants were assessed. The mean time since implant placement was 6 years and 6 months. The prevalence of implant-based peri-implantitis was 10.8% of all the implants. All cases of implant-based peri-implantitis came from the HP group, and many were present in patients with a history of severe periodontitis. The probing pocket depth around the implant was significantly greater in the HP group than in the H group. We found weak positive correlations between the probing pocket depth and bleeding on probing (r s  = 0.401, p < 0.05) in the H group and between the probing pocket depth and bleeding on probing (r s  = 0.241, p < 0.05) and the modified plaque index (r s  = 0.228, p < 0.05) in the HP group.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that probing pocket depth and bleeding on probing as clinical parameters are important indicators for the diagnosis of peri-implant disease during the maintenance period among healthy and history-of-periodontitis groups.
Literature
1.
Esposito M, Hirsch JM, Lekholm U, Thomsen P. Biological factors contributing to failures of osseointegrated oral implants. (I) Success criteria and epidemiology. Eur J Oral Sci. 1998;106:527–51.CrossRefPubMed
2.
Ogata Y, Nakayama Y, Tatsumi J, Kubota T, Sato S, Nishida T, et al. Prevalence and risk factors for peri-implant diseases in Japanese adult dental patients. J Oral Sci. 2017;59:1–11.CrossRefPubMed
3.
Heitz-Mayfield LJ. Peri-implant diseases: diagnosis and risk indicators. J Clin Periodontol. 2008;35(Suppl 8):292–304.CrossRefPubMed
4.
Roos-Jansåker AM, Renvert H, Lindahi C, Renvert S. Nine- to fourteen-year follow-up of implant treatment. Part III: factors associated with peri-implant lesions. J Clin Periodontol. 2006;33:296–301.CrossRefPubMed
5.
Mombelli A, Müller N, Cionca N. The epidemiology of peri-implantitis. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2012;23(Suppl 6):67–76.CrossRefPubMed
6.
Zitzmann NU, Berglundh T. Definition and prevalence of peri-implant diseases. J Clin Periodontol. 2008;35(Suppl 8):286–91.CrossRefPubMed
7.
Fransson C, Lekholm U, Jemt T, Berglundh T. Prevalence of subjects with progressive bone loss at implants. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2005;16:440–6.CrossRefPubMed
8.
Koldsland OC, Scheie AA, Aass AM. Prevalence of peri-implantitis related to severity of the disease with different degrees of bone loss. J Periodontol. 2010;81:231–8.CrossRefPubMed
9.
Leonhardt A, Renvert S, Dahlén G. Microbial findings at failing implants. Clin Oral Implants Res. 1999;10:339–45.CrossRefPubMed
10.
de Waal YC, van Winkelhoff AJ, Meijer HJ, Raghoebar GM, Winkel EG. Differences in peri-implant conditions between fully and partially edentulous subjects: a systematic review. J Clin Periodontol 2013;40:266-286.
11.
Lindhe J, Berglundh T, Ericsson I, Liljenberg B, Marinello C. Experimental breakdown of peri-implant and periodontal tissues. A study in the beagle dog. Clin Oral Implants Res. 1992;3:9–16.CrossRefPubMed
12.
Berglundh T, Zitzmann NU, Donati M. Are peri-implantitis lesions different from periodontitis lesions? J Clin Periodontol. 2011;38(Suppl 11):188–202.CrossRefPubMed
13.
Ladwein C, Schmelzeisen R, Nelson K, Fluegge TV, Fretwurst TI. The presence of keratinized mucosa associated with periimplant tissue health? A clinical cross-sectional analysis. Int J. Implant Dent. 2015;1:11.CrossRef
14.
Schwarz F, Schmucker A, Becker J. Efficacy of alternative or adjunctive measures to conventional treatment of peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis: a systematic review and meta analysis. Int J Implant Dent. 2015;1:22.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
15.
Monjie A, Aranda L, Diaz KT, Alarcón MA, Bagramian RA, Wang HL, et al. Impact of maintenance therapy for the prevention of peri-implant diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Dent Res. 2016;95:372–9.CrossRef
16.
Armitage GC. Development of a classification system for periodontal diseases and conditions. Ann Periodontol. 1999;4:1–6.CrossRefPubMed
17.
Lang NP, Berglundh T; Working group 4 of Seventh European Workshop on Periodontology. Periimplant diseases: where are we now? Consensus of the Seventh European Workshop on Periodontology. J Clin Periodontol. 2011;38 Suppl 11:178-181.
18.
Froum SJ, Rosen PS. A proposed classification for peri-implantitis. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 2012;32:533–40.PubMed
19.
Eke PI, Dye BA, Wei L, Thornton-Evans GO, Genco RJ; CDC Periodontal Disease Surveillance Workgroup. Prevalence of periodontitis in adults in the United States: 2009 and 2010. J Dent Res 2012;91:914-920.
20.
Müller F, Naharro M, Carlsson GE. What are the prevalence and incidence of tooth loss in the adult and elderly population in Europe? Clin Oral Implants Res. 2007;18(Suppl 3):2–14.CrossRefPubMed
21.
Renvert S, Giovannoli JL. Risk indicators. In: Renvert S, Giovannoli JL, editors. Peri-Implantitis. Chicago, IL: Quintessence Publishing Co., Inc.; 2012. p. 83–127.
22.
Hardt CR, Gröndahl K, Lekholm U, Wennström JL. Outcome of implant therapy in relation to experienced loss of periodontal bone support: a retrospective 5-year study. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2002;13:488–94.CrossRefPubMed
23.
Schwartz-Arab D, Herzberg R, Levin L. Evaluation of long-term implant success. J Periodontol. 2005;76:1623–8.CrossRef
24.
Schou S, Holmstrup P, Worthington HV, Esposito M. Outcome of implant therapy in patients with previous tooth loss due to periodontitis. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2006;17(Suppl 2):104–23.CrossRefPubMed
25.
Roccuzzo M, Bonino F, Aglietta M, Dalmasso P. Ten-year results of a three-arm prospective cohort study on implants in periodontally compromised patients. Part 2: clinical results. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2012;23:389–95.CrossRefPubMed
26.
Derks J, Tomasi C. Peri-implant health and disease. A systematic review of current epidemiology. J Clin Periodontol. 2015;42(Suppl 16):158–71.CrossRef
27.
Lekholm U, Adell R, Lindhe J, Brånemark PI, Eriksson B, Rocker B, et al. Marginal tissue reactions at osseointegrated titanium fixtures. (II) A cross-sectional retrospective study. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1986;15:53–61.CrossRefPubMed
28.
Karousis IK, Salvi GE, Heitz-Mayfield LJ, Brägger U, Hämmerle CH, Lang NP. Long-term implant prognosis in patients with and without a history of chronic periodontitis: a 10-year prospective cohort study of the ITI Dental Implant System. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2003;14:329–39.CrossRef
29.
Mengel R, Flores-de-Jacoby L. Implants in patients treated for generalized aggressive and chronic periodontitis: a 3-year prospective longitudinal study. J Periodontol. 2005;76:534–43.CrossRefPubMed
30.
Cho-Yan Lee J, Mattheos N, Nixon KC, Ivanovski S. Residual periodontal pockets are a risk indicator for peri-implantitis patients treated for periodontitis. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2012;23:325–33.CrossRefPubMed
31.
Lindhe J, Socransky SS, Nyman S, Haffajee A, Westfelt E. “Critical probing depths” in periodontal therapy. J Clin Periodontol. 1982;9:323–6.CrossRefPubMed
32.
Fuchigami K, Munakata M, Kitazume T, Tachikawa N, Kasugai S, Kuroda SA. Diversity of peri-implant mucosal thickness by site. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2017;28:171–6.CrossRefPubMed
33.
Greenstein G, Caton J, Polson AM. Histologic characteristics associated with bleeding after probing and visual signs of inflammation. J Periodontol. 1981;52:420–5.CrossRefPubMed
34.
Gerber JA, Tan WC, Balmer TE, Salvi GE, Lang NP. Bleeding on probing and pocket probing depth in relation to probing pressure and mucosal health around oral implants. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2009;20:75–8.CrossRefPubMed
35.
Buser D, Weber HP, Lang NP. Tissue integration of non-submerged implants. 1-year results of a prospective study with 100 ITI hollow-cylinder and hollow-screw implants. Clin Oral Implants Res. 1990;1:33–40.CrossRefPubMed
36.
Schou S, Holmstrup P, Stoltze K, Hjørting-Hansen E, Fiehn NE, Skovgaard LT. Probing around implants and teeth with healthy or inflamed peri-implant mucosa/gingiva. A histologic comparison in cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis). Clin Oral Implants Res. 2002;13:113–26.CrossRefPubMed
37.
Luterbacher S, Mayfield L, Bragger U, Lang NP. Diagnostic characteristics of clinical and microbiological tests for monitoring periodontal and peri-implant mucosal tissue conditions during supportive periodontal therapy. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2000;11:521–9.CrossRefPubMed
38.
Jonathan HD, Klokkevold PR. Supportive implant treatment. In: Newman MG, Takei HH, Klokkevold PR, Carranza FA, editors. Carranza’s Clinical Periodontology. 12th ed. St. Louis: Elsevier; 2015. p. 807.
Metadata
Title
Correlations between clinical parameters in implant maintenance patients: analysis among healthy and history-of-periodontitis groups
Authors
Keisuke Seki
Shinya Nakabayashi
Naoki Tanabe
Atsushi Kamimoto
Yoshiyuki Hagiwara
Publication date
01-12-2017
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
International Journal of Implant Dentistry / Issue 1/2017
Electronic ISSN: 2198-4034
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-017-0108-0

Other articles of this Issue 1/2017

Early marginal bone stability of dental implants placed in a transalveolarly augmented maxillary sinus: a controlled retrospective study of surface modification with calcium ions

  • Open Access
  • Research

Platelet-rich fibrin prepared from stored whole-blood samples

  • Open Access
  • Research

ISQ calculation evaluation of in vitro laser scanning vibrometry-captured resonance frequency

  • Open Access
  • Research

Comparison of access-hole filling materials for screw retained implant prostheses: 12-month in vivo study

  • Open Access
  • Research

In vitro comparison of two titanium dental implant surface treatments: 3M™ESPE™ MDIs versus Ankylos®

  • Open Access
  • Research

Evaluation of symptomatic maxillary sinus pathologies using panoramic radiography and cone beam computed tomography—influence of professional training

  • Open Access
  • Research