Top

Published in:

01-12-2024 | Research

Combined catalytic strategies applied to in-office tooth bleaching: whitening efficacy, cytotoxicity, and gene expression of human dental pulp cells in a 3D culture model

Authors: Rafael Antonio de Oliveira Ribeiro, Victória Peruchi, Igor Paulino Mendes Sores, Filipe Koon Wu Mon, Diana Gabriela Soares, Josimeri Hebling, Carlos Alberto de Souza Costa

Published in: Clinical Oral Investigations | Issue 12/2024

Abstract

Objectives

To evaluate the feasibility of using a 3D model with human dental pulp cells (HDPCs) to compare bleaching therapies and assess whether coating enamel with a nanofiber scaffold (NS) and polymeric catalyst primer (PCP), combined with violet LED (LEDv) irradiation, enhances bleaching efficacy (BE) and reduces cytotoxicity (CT).

Materials and methods

After using NS + PCP to cover enamel of enamel/dentin discs adapted to artificial pulp chambers containing 3D culture with HDPCs, a bleaching gel with 35%H₂O₂ was applied and then irradiated with LEDv. The following groups were established (n = 8): NC - no treatment; PC– 35%H₂O₂ for 45 min, and EXP: NS + PCP + 35%H₂O₂ + LEDv for 15 min. The study evaluated BE (ΔE₀₀ and ΔWI_D), CT (alamarBlue), and HDPCs gene modulation (TNF, IL1B, PTGS2, IL8, IL6, PPRAG, HMOX1, DSPP, DMP1, SPP1, BGLAP, and ALPL; RTqPCR).

Results

BE showed no significant difference between PC and EXP (p > 0.05). EXP had lower oxidative stress, higher cell viability, reduced inflammatory marker expression, and increased mineralization marker expression compared to PC (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

The 3D model using HDPCs effectively compared bleaching protocols. Coating enamel with NS + PCP and applying violet LED (LEDv) reduced bleaching time from 45 to 15 min while lowering cytotoxicity compared to conventional in-office treatments.

Clinical relevance

This study shows that a 3D model with human dental pulp cells (HDPCs) effectively compares tooth bleaching protocols. The combination of a nanofiber scaffold with violet LED (LEDv) reduces bleaching time, as well as minimizes cytotoxicity and inflammation, offering a safer alternative to conventional treatments.

Soares DG, Basso FG, Hebling J, de Souza Costa CA (2014) Concentrations of and application protocols for hydrogen peroxide bleaching gels: effects on pulp cell viability and whitening efficacy. J Dent 42(2):185–198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2013.10.021CrossRefPubMed

de Oliveira Duque CC, Soares DG, Basso FG, Hebling J, de Souza Costa CA (2017) Influence of enamel/dentin thickness on the toxic and esthetic effects of experimental in-office bleaching protocols. Clin Oral Investig 21:2509–2520. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-017-2049-7CrossRefPubMed

de Oliveira Duque CC, Soares DG, Briso ALF, Ortecho-Zuta U, de Oliveira Ribeiro RA, Hebling J, de Souza Costa CA (2020) Influence of tooth pigmentation on H₂O₂ diffusion and its cytotoxicity after in-office tooth bleaching. Oper Dent 45(6):632–642. https://doi.org/10.2341/19-013-LCrossRefPubMed

Soares DG, Basso FG, Hebling J, de Souza Costa CA (2015) Effect of hydrogen-peroxide-mediated oxidative stress on human dental pulp cells. J Dent 43(6):750–756. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2014.12.006CrossRefPubMed

Soares DG, Marcomini N, Duque CCDO et al (2019) Increased whitening efficacy and reduced cytotoxicity are achieved by the chemical activation of a highly concentrated hydrogen peroxide bleaching gel. J Appl Oral Sci 27:e20180453. https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-7757-2018-0453CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Ortecho-Zuta U, de Oliveira Duque CC, de Oliveira Ribeiro RA et al (2021) Polymeric biomaterials maintained the esthetic efficacy and reduced the cytotoxicity of in‐office dental bleaching. J Esthet Restor Dent 33(8):1139–1149. https://doi.org/10.1111/jerd.12805CrossRefPubMed

de Souza Costa CA, Riehl H, Kina JF, Sacono NT, Hebling J (2010) Human pulp responses to in-office tooth bleaching. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Radiol 109(4):e59–e64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tripleo.2009.12.002.CrossRef

Roderjan DA, Stanislawczuk R, Hebling J, Costa CADS, Reis A, Loguercio AD (2015) Response of human pulps to different in-office bleaching techniques: preliminary findings. Braz Dent J 26(3):242–248. https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440201302282CrossRefPubMed

Roderjan DA, Stanislawczuk R, Soares DG et al (2023) Effect of medium or high concentrations of in-office dental bleaching gel on the human pulp response in the mandibular incisors. Restor Dent Endod 48(2). https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2023.48.e12

10.

de Oliveira Ribeiro RA, Martins BV, Dias MF et al (2024) Catalysis-based approaches with biopolymers and violet LED to improve in-office dental bleaching. Lasers Med Sci 39(1):21. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-023-03962-4CrossRefPubMed

11.

Sato S, Nakamura K, Nakamura H (2017) Horseradish-peroxidase‐catalyzed tyrosine click reaction. ChemBioChem 18(5):475–478. https://doi.org/10.1002/cbic.201600649CrossRefPubMed

12.

Soares DG, Bordini EAF, Bronze-Uhle ES et al (2021) Chitosan-calcium-simvastatin scaffold as an inductive cell-free platform. J Dent Res 100(10):1118–1126CrossRefPubMed

13.

Martins BV, Dias MF, de Oliveira Ribeiro RA, e Silva MLDA, Hebling J, de Souza Costa CA (2022) Innovative strategy for in-office tooth bleaching using violet LED and biopolymers as H₂O₂ catalysts. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 38:102886. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.102886CrossRefPubMed

14.

Ortecho-Zuta U, de Oliveira Duque CC, de Oliveira Ribeiro RA et al (2022) Strategy for reducing cytotoxicity and obtaining esthetic efficacy with 15 min of in-office dental bleaching. Clin Oral Invest 26(5):4099–4108. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-022-04379-zCrossRef

15.

de Oliveira Ribeiro RA, Zuta UO, Soares IPM et al (2022) Manganese oxide increases bleaching efficacy and reduces the cytotoxicity of a 10% hydrogen peroxide bleaching gel. Clin Oral Investig 26(12):7277–7286. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-022-04688-3CrossRefPubMed

16.

Caviedes-Bucheli J, Ariza-García G, Restrepo-Méndez S, Ríos-Osorio N, Lombana N, Muñoz HR (2008) The effect of tooth bleaching on substance P expression in human dental pulp. J Endod 34(12):1462–1465. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2008.09.013CrossRefPubMed

17.

Rezende M, da Silva KL, Miguel TC et al (2020) Prior application of 10% potassium nitrate to reduce postbleaching sensitivity: a randomized triple-blind clinical trial. J Evid Based Dent Pract 20(2):101406. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebdp.2020.101406CrossRefPubMed

18.

Meireles SS, Santos ME, Lustosa ÍMC, Leite ELL (2021) Effects of a reduced in-office bleaching protocol with 37.5% hydrogen peroxide on effectiveness and tooth sensitivity: a double‐blind randomized clinical trial. J Esthet Restor Dent 33(5):824–831. https://doi.org/10.1111/jerd.12744CrossRefPubMed

19.

Trevisan G, Hoffmeister C, Rossato MF et al (2014) TRPA1 receptor stimulation by hydrogen peroxide is critical to trigger hyperalgesia and inflammation in a model of acute gout. Free Radic Biol Med 72:200–209. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.04.021CrossRefPubMed

20.

Chen C, Huang X, Zhu W, Ding C, Huang P, Li R (2021) H₂O₂ gel bleaching induces cytotoxicity and pain conduction in dental pulp stem cells via intracellular reactive oxygen species on enamel/dentin disc. PLoS ONE 16(9):e0257221. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0257221CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

21.

Sun W, Wang Z, Cao J, Cui H, Ma Z (2016) Cold stress increases reactive oxygen species formation via TRPA1 activation in A549 cells. Cell Stress Chaperones 21(2):367–372. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12192-015-0663-3CrossRefPubMed

22.

Viana F (2016) TRPA1 channels: molecular sentinels of cellular stress and tissue damage. J Physiol 594(15):4151–4169. https://doi.org/10.1113/JP270935CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

23.

Kota BP, Huang THW, Roufogalis BD (2005) An overview on biological mechanisms of PPARs. Pharmacol Res 51(2):85–94CrossRefPubMed

24.

Min KS, Lee HJ, Kim SH et al (2008) Hydrogen peroxide induces heme oxygenase–1 and dentin sialophosphoprotein mRNA in human pulp cells. J Endod 34(8):983–989. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2008.05.012CrossRefPubMed

25.

Lee Y, Kang YH, Heo YM MJ et al (2013) The survival role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma induces odontoblast differentiation against oxidative stress in human dental pulp cells. J Endod 39(2):236–241. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2012.11.006CrossRefPubMed

26.

Benetti F, Briso ALF, Carminatti M et al (2019) The presence of osteocalcin, osteopontin and reactive oxygen species-positive cells in pulp tissue after dental bleaching. Int Endod J 52(5):665–675. https://doi.org/10.1111/iej.13049CrossRefPubMed

27.

Matsui S, Takahashi S, Tsujimoto C, Matsushima Y K (2009) Stimulatory effects of low-concentration reactive oxygen species on calcification ability of human dental pulp cells. J Endod 35(1):67–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2008.08.034CrossRefPubMed

28.

Gericke A, Qin C, Spevak L, Fujimoto Y, Butler WT, Sørensen ES, Boskey AL (2005) Importance of phosphorylation for osteopontin regulation of biomineralization. Calcif Tissue Int 77:45–54. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00223-004-1288-1CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

29.

Hirata M, Yamaza T, Mei YF, Akamine A (2005) Expression of osteocalcin and Jun D in the early period during reactionary dentin formation after tooth preparation in rat molars. Cell Tissue Res 319(3):455–465. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00441-004-1035-yCrossRefPubMed

30.

Soares DG, Basso FG, Scheffel DS, Hebling J, de Souza Costa CA (2015) Responses of human dental pulp cells after application of a low-concentration bleaching gel to enamel. Arch Oral Biol 60(9):1428–1436. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archoralbio.2015.06.014CrossRefPubMed

31.

Spoto G, Fioroni M, Rubini C, Tripodi D, Di Stilio M, Piattelli A (2001) Alkaline phosphatase activity in normal and inflamed dental pulps. J Endod 27(3):180–182. https://doi.org/10.1097/00004770-200103000-00010CrossRefPubMed

32.

Chen S, Gluhak-Heinrich J, Wang YH et al (2009) Runx2, osx, and dspp in tooth development. J Dent Res 88(10):904–909. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022034509342873CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

33.

Yin X, Zeng Z, Xing J, Zhang A et al (2018) Hey1 functions as a positive regulator of odontogenic differentiation in odontoblastlineage cells. Int J Mol Med 41(1):331–339. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2017.3254CrossRefPubMed

34.

Huang X, Chen X, Chen H, Xu D, Lin C, Peng B (2018) Rho/Rho-associated protein kinase signaling pathway mediated downregulation of runt-related transcription factor 2 expression promotes the differentiation of dental pulp stem cells into odontoblasts. Exp Ther Med 15(5):4457–4464. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2018.5982CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

35.

Yao S, Yuan S, Xu J, Luo J, Hu S (2006) A hydrogen peroxide sensor based on colloidal MnO2/Na-montmorillonite. Appl Clay Sci 33(1):35–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2006.03.006CrossRef

Title: Combined catalytic strategies applied to in-office tooth bleaching: whitening efficacy, cytotoxicity, and gene expression of human dental pulp cells in a 3D culture model
Authors: Rafael Antonio de Oliveira Ribeiro
Victória Peruchi
Igor Paulino Mendes Sores
Filipe Koon Wu Mon
Diana Gabriela Soares
Josimeri Hebling
Carlos Alberto de Souza Costa
Publication date: 01-12-2024
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in: Clinical Oral Investigations / Issue 12/2024
Print ISSN: 1432-6981
Electronic ISSN: 1436-3771
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-024-06069-4

Effect of the reduction in the exposure time to at-home bleaching gel on color change and tooth sensitivity: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Review

Diagnostic delays of periodontitis and associated factors: a cross-sectional study

Research

Unilateral molar Incisor hypomineralization influences the chewing side? an observational study in children

Research

Periradicular repair after single-visit root canal treatment using sonic irrigant activation of teeth with apical periodontitis

Research

Effects of laser treatment on bond strength of epoxy resin and calcium silicate-based sealers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of in vitro studies

Review

Visibility of alveolar bone thicknesses on CBCT images–a study on minimum bone requirements using various reconstruction techniques, viewing modes, and resolutions

Open Access
Research

Keynote series | Spotlight on menopause

Springer Medicine

Combined catalytic strategies applied to in-office tooth bleaching: whitening efficacy, cytotoxicity, and gene expression of human dental pulp cells in a 3D culture model

Abstract

Objectives

Materials and methods

Results

Conclusion

Clinical relevance

Other articles of this Issue 12/2024

Effect of the reduction in the exposure time to at-home bleaching gel on color change and tooth sensitivity: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Diagnostic delays of periodontitis and associated factors: a cross-sectional study

Unilateral molar Incisor hypomineralization influences the chewing side? an observational study in children

Periradicular repair after single-visit root canal treatment using sonic irrigant activation of teeth with apical periodontitis

Effects of laser treatment on bond strength of epoxy resin and calcium silicate-based sealers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of in vitro studies

Visibility of alveolar bone thicknesses on CBCT images–a study on minimum bone requirements using various reconstruction techniques, viewing modes, and resolutions

Keynote series | Spotlight on menopause

Springer Medicine

Abstract

Objectives

Materials and methods

Results

Conclusion

Clinical relevance

Please log in to get access to this content

Effect of the reduction in the exposure time to at-home bleaching gel on color change and tooth sensitivity: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Diagnostic delays of periodontitis and associated factors: a cross-sectional study

Unilateral molar Incisor hypomineralization influences the chewing side? an observational study in children

Periradicular repair after single-visit root canal treatment using sonic irrigant activation of teeth with apical periodontitis

Effects of laser treatment on bond strength of epoxy resin and calcium silicate-based sealers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of in vitro studies

Visibility of alveolar bone thicknesses on CBCT images–a study on minimum bone requirements using various reconstruction techniques, viewing modes, and resolutions