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23-10-2024 | Cholecystectomy

Worse cholecystectomy outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic: were staff shortages or a change in patient case-mix the culprit?

Authors: Ahmed Abdelsamad, Ehab Ibrahim, Ahmed Elsheikh, Abdelkader Abousaleh, Lars Daenenfaust, Mohammed Elfallah, Florian Gebauer, Mike Ralf Langenbach

Published in: Surgical Endoscopy

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Abstract

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly impacted the field of surgery, mostly through infectious risks, staff shortages, reduced hospital capacities, and changed patient pathways. Prompted by an increase in wound complications, we performed an in-depth analysis of an example surgical procedure.

Methods

A consecutive cohort of 195 patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy was studied retrospectively. Data of patients receiving cholecystectomy before, during, and after the peak of the pandemic were compared. The potential influence of patient characteristics, pandemic phase, and staffing level (surgeons and nurse assistants) was analyzed statistically. In the primary analyses, the composite measure of a ‘textbook outcome’ was examined, which was defined as no relevant complication, hospital stay < 5 days, and no readmission.

Results

During the COVID-19 phase, acute biliary disease was more common than in the pre-COVID-19 phase (62% vs. 30%). In 35% of cases, no qualified operating room nurse was available. Intraoperative features and postoperative complication rates were increased (bile spillage in 46%, wound complications in 24%). A 59-year-old male admitted with acute cholecystitis during COVID-19 died of wound-related septic shock. Multivariate analysis confirmed the acuity of gallbladder inflammation (odds ratio 5.3) and old age (2.6) as risk factors for a non-textbook outcome. The absence of qualified nursing staff was clearly associated with a non-textbook outcome (odds ratio 3.3).

Conclusions

The fact that laparoscopic cholecystectomy outcomes were worse during COVID-19 can be partly attributed to a change in patient case-mix, but the shortage of qualified nursing staff in the operating room also had a strong negative influence.
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Metadata
Title
Worse cholecystectomy outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic: were staff shortages or a change in patient case-mix the culprit?
Authors
Ahmed Abdelsamad
Ehab Ibrahim
Ahmed Elsheikh
Abdelkader Abousaleh
Lars Daenenfaust
Mohammed Elfallah
Florian Gebauer
Mike Ralf Langenbach
Publication date
23-10-2024
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Surgical Endoscopy
Print ISSN: 0930-2794
Electronic ISSN: 1432-2218
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00464-024-11337-1
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