Spontaneous remission of iMCD-TAFRO: a case report

Idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease (iMCD)- TAFRO (thrombocytopenia, ascites, fever, reticulin fibrosis and organomegaly) is a clinically severe situation characterized by cytokine storms that are potentially fatal, necessitating prompt and decisive medical intervention. The International Castleman’s Disease Collaborative Network (CDCN) prioritizes the combination of long-term siltuximab and high-dose steroids as the preferred therapeutic option for iMCD-TAFRO. Here, we report a rare case of spontaneous remission in iMCD-TAFRO. In this case, the patient diagnosed with iMCD-TAFRO experienced alleviation of clinical symptoms and normalization of laboratory test results without undergoing any etiological treatment. This case sheds new light on the therapeutic strategies for iMCD-TAFRO. Following the stabilization of the onset cytokine storm, a detailed evaluation of the patient’s condition should be performed to determine the need for continuous medical treatment.