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Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders
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Open Access 01-12-2017 | Research article

Carbohydrate restriction ameliorates nephropathy by reducing oxidative stress and upregulating HIF-1α levels in type-1 diabetic rats

Authors: Pawan Krishan, Gaaminepreet Singh, Onkar Bedi

Published in: Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders | Issue 1/2017

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Abstract

Background

Carbohydrate restricted diet regimen is widely accepted as therapeutic approach for the treatment of kidney disease associated with type-2 diabetes, obesity and hypertensive disorders. The present study tested the influence of carbohydrate-energy restricted diet (CR) on type-1 diabetes induced renal dysfunction, hypoxia and structural alterations against diabetic rat group fed control diet (ad libitium).

Methods

Male wistar rats weighing between 180 and 190 g were subjected to 30% carbohydrate energy restricted diet (CR) and diabetes was induced by administration of streptozotocin (45 mg/kg., i.p). Assessment of renal function was done after 4 weeks by determining the serum levels of creatinine, BUN, proteinuria. Oxidative stress was determined by estimating the reduced glutathione, malonaldehyde levels, catalase activity and extent of renal hypoxia by estimating the HIF-1α levels in kidney tissue homogenates. Histological studies were conducted on kidney sections using hematoxylin and eosin, periodic acid-schiff staining.

Results

Diabetic rats exhibited marked hyperglycemia and renal dysfunction developed in diabetic rats fed control diet (ad libitium) as shown by significantly elevated levels of serum creatinine, BUN and massive proteinuria after 4 weeks period. CR diet treatment in diabetic rats significantly lowered hyperglycemia, reversed the above renal functional abnormalities, reduced oxidative stress and enhanced HIF-1α levels. Furthermore histological examination of kidney sections from CR diet treated diabetic rat group showed absence of glomerular hypertrophy, mesangial expansion and tubular vacoulations.

Conclusion

Our results demonstrated that CR diet treatment in diabetic rats attenuated renal damage by reducing oxidative stress and preventing the development of hypoxia by up-regulating HIF-1α levels.
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Metadata
Title
Carbohydrate restriction ameliorates nephropathy by reducing oxidative stress and upregulating HIF-1α levels in type-1 diabetic rats
Authors
Pawan Krishan
Gaaminepreet Singh
Onkar Bedi
Publication date
01-12-2017
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders / Issue 1/2017
Electronic ISSN: 2251-6581
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40200-017-0331-5

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