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Current Pain and Headache Reports

Clinical Efficacy and Risks of Intradiscal Orthobiological Injections: A Narrative Review

  • 01-12-2025
  • Back Pain
  • Alternative Treatments for Pain Medicine (C Robinson, Section Editor)
Published in:
Authors
Macie A. Serio
Rachael Bartolina
Sanjana Sudini
Ellie M. MacDonald
Austin S. Thomassen
Sahar Shekoohi
Azem A. Chami
Alan D. Kaye
Published in
Current Pain and Headache Reports | Issue 1/2025

Abstract

Purpose of Review

Chronic discogenic low back pain (LBP) is a common cause of disability worldwide. Current management options include conservative, surgical, and minimally invasive interventional injections. Intradiscal orthobiological injections of platelet-rich plasma (PRP), bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC), and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been introduced as regenerative treatment options.

Recent Findings

Many studies have demonstrated improvements in patients' reported outcomes (PROMs) measuring the areas of pain, disability, function, and satisfaction. The results are promising with statistical improvements shown throughout various studies. Adverse events such as increased pain and infection have been reported with these injections; however, the complication rate has yet to be delineated.

Summary

Numerous studies report no adverse events in their sample size. The present investigation summarizes recent evidence for the efficacy and risks of PRP, BMAC, and MSC injections.
Title
Clinical Efficacy and Risks of Intradiscal Orthobiological Injections: A Narrative Review
Authors
Macie A. Serio
Rachael Bartolina
Sanjana Sudini
Ellie M. MacDonald
Austin S. Thomassen
Sahar Shekoohi
Azem A. Chami
Alan D. Kaye
Publication date
01-12-2025
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Current Pain and Headache Reports / Issue 1/2025
Print ISSN: 1531-3433
Electronic ISSN: 1534-3081
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11916-025-01414-y
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