Skip to main content

Advanced Search

Projected result for your current search:: 0

Search Operators:

You can use operators in your search query to narrow down your results even more. Click on the search operator to see an explanation of how it works.
Finds documents with exactly this word group, in exactly this word order and spelling (e.g. "employer branding").
Finds documents with both search terms (e.g. sales AND bonus).
Finds documents with one or the other search term (e.g. porsche OR volkswagen).
Finds documents with all search terms. Blank space is understood as AND (e.g. man robot production).
Finds documents with no appearance of the word behind NOT (e.g. ford NOT "harrison ford").
Finds documents where the search term is mentioned at least "n" times."n" may be any number (e.g. COUNT(gear)>8).
Finds documents with both search terms in any word order, permitting "n" words as a maximum distance between them. Best choose between 15 and 30 (e.g. NEAR(recruit, professionals, 20)).
Finds documents with the search term in word versions or composites. The asterisk * marks whether you wish them BEFORE, BEHIND, or BEFORE and BEHIND the search term (e.g. lightweight*, *lightweight, *lightweight*).
Finds documents with the search term in different spellings. "?" allows only one character (e.g. organi?ation).
Special characters are understood as AND (e.g. Miller Bros. & Sons).
 Log in
Top
Journal of Neurology

Validation of a risk score to differentiate autoimmune and viral encephalitis: a Nationwide Cohort Study in Denmark

Published in:
Authors
Lasse Fjordside
Mette Scheller Nissen
Anna Maria Florescu
Merete Storgaard
Lykke Larsen
Lothar Wiese
Hans Rudolf von Lüttichau
Micha Phill Grønholm Jepsen
Birgitte Rønde Hansen
Christian Østergaard Andersen
Jacob Bodilsen
Henrik Nielsen
Morten Blaabjerg
Anne-Mette Lebech
Helene Mens
Published in
Journal of Neurology | Issue 8/2024

Abstract

Background

A score to differentiate autoimmune (AE) and viral encephalitis (VE) early upon admission has recently been developed but needed external validation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of the score in a larger and more diagnostically diverse patient cohort.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective nationwide and population-based cohort study including all adults with encephalitis of definite viral (2015–2022) or autoimmune aetiology (2009–2022) in Denmark. Variables included in the score-model were extracted from patient records and individual risk scores were assessed. The performance of the score was assessed by receiver-operating characteristics (ROC) curve analyses and calculation of the area under the curve (AUC).

Results

A total of 496 patients with encephalitis [AE n = 90, VE n = 287 and presumed infectious encephalitis (PIE) n = 119] were included in the study. The score was highly accurate in predicting cases of AE reaching an AUC of 0.94 (95% CI 0.92–0.97). Having a score ≥ 3 predicted AE with a PPV of 87% and an NPV of 91%. The risk score was found to perform well across aetiological subgroups and applied to the PIE cohort resulted in an AUC of 0.88 (95% CI 0.84–0.93).

Conclusion

The excellent performance of the score as reported in the development study was confirmed in this significantly larger and more diverse cohort of patients with encephalitis in Denmark. These results should prompt further prospective testing with wider inclusion criteria.
Title
Validation of a risk score to differentiate autoimmune and viral encephalitis: a Nationwide Cohort Study in Denmark
Authors
Lasse Fjordside
Mette Scheller Nissen
Anna Maria Florescu
Merete Storgaard
Lykke Larsen
Lothar Wiese
Hans Rudolf von Lüttichau
Micha Phill Grønholm Jepsen
Birgitte Rønde Hansen
Christian Østergaard Andersen
Jacob Bodilsen
Henrik Nielsen
Morten Blaabjerg
Anne-Mette Lebech
Helene Mens
Publication date
18-05-2024
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
Journal of Neurology / Issue 8/2024
Print ISSN: 0340-5354
Electronic ISSN: 1432-1459
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-024-12392-3
This content is only visible if you are logged in and have the appropriate permissions.
This content is only visible if you are logged in and have the appropriate permissions.

Other articles of this Issue 8/2024

Progression independent of relapse activity in relapsing multiple sclerosis: impact and relationship with secondary progression

Clinical and genetic characteristics of 1672 cases of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in China: a single-center retrospective study

Neuroimaging assessment of facility-bound severely-affected MS reveals the critical role of cortical gray matter pathology: results from the CASA–MS case-controlled study

Correction to: Outcomes of mechanical thrombectomy in patients with acute ischemic stroke and thrombocytopenia: systematic review and meta-analysis

Memory function in autoimmune encephalitis: a cross-sectional prospective study utilising multiple memory paradigms

The influence of depression and anxiety on cognition in people with multiple sclerosis: a cross-sectional analysis

Keynote webinar | Spotlight on functional neurological disorder

FND perplexes and frustrates patients and physicians alike. Limited knowledge and insufficient awareness delays diagnosis and treatment, and many patients feel misunderstood and stigmatized. How can you recognize FND and what are the treatment options?

Prof. Mark Edwards
Watch now
Video

How can you integrate PET into your practice? (Link opens in a new window)

1.5 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit(s)™

PET imaging is playing an increasingly critical role in managing AD. Our expert-led program will empower you with practical strategies and real-world case studies to effectively integrate it into clinical practice.

This content is intended for healthcare professionals outside of the UK.

Supported by:
  • Lilly
Developed by: Springer Health+ IME
Learn more
Image Credits
Human brain illustration/© (M) CHRISTOPH BURGSTEDT / SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY / Getty Images, Navigating neuroimaging in Alzheimer’s care: Practical applications and strategies for integration/© Springer Health+ IME