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Current Cardiology Reports

Atrial Functional Mitral Regurgitation: Definition, Mechanisms, and Treatment Perspectives

Published in:
Authors
Sebastiaan Dhont
Sébastien Deferm
Philippe B. Bertrand
Pieter M. Vandervoort
Published in
Current Cardiology Reports | Issue 1/2025

Abstract

Purpose of Review

This review aims to explore the complex interplay between atrial functional mitral regurgitation (AFMR), atrial fibrillation (AF), and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). The goal is to define these conditions, examine their underlying mechanisms, and discuss treatment perspectives, particularly addressing diagnostic challenges.

Recent Findings

Recent research highlights the rising prevalence of AFMR, now accounting for nearly one-third of significant mitral regurgitation cases. Advances in percutaneous treatment options have improved management for vulnerable HFpEF patients, but long-term outcomes remain unclear, and symptom relief is inconsistent.

Summary

AF and HFpEF share the left atrium as a common pathological substrate, with progressive LA remodeling contributing to AFMR. Diagnostic limitations hinder effective symptom management with current mitral valve interventions. Future research should focus on better diagnostic tools to determine the contributions of valvular disease, arrhythmia, or myocardial dysfunction to clinical outcomes, as we currently lack definitive tests to establish this connection.
Title
Atrial Functional Mitral Regurgitation: Definition, Mechanisms, and Treatment Perspectives
Authors
Sebastiaan Dhont
Sébastien Deferm
Philippe B. Bertrand
Pieter M. Vandervoort
Publication date
01-12-2025
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Current Cardiology Reports / Issue 1/2025
Print ISSN: 1523-3782
Electronic ISSN: 1534-3170
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11886-024-02188-2
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This content is intended for healthcare professionals outside of the UK.

Independent Medical Education Grant:
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Image Credits
Abstract graphic of layered, concentric circular shapes in bright green, pink, blue, and purple on a dark blue background. The rings and segments form a complex radial pattern without text/© Springer Health+ IME