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Current Cardiology Reports

Mesenchymal Stem Cell Based-Regenerative Therapy in Atherosclerosis: an Updated Review

Published in:
Authors
Hanie Mahaki
Mohsen Sheykhhasan
Hamid Reza Rahimi
Gholamhossein Kazemzadeh
Hassan Ravari
Sima Nobari
Hanieh Salmani Izadi
Susan Darroudi
Fatemeh Forouzanfar
Hamed Afkhami
Hamid Tanzadehpanah
Published in
Current Cardiology Reports | Issue 1/2026

Abstract

Purpose of Review

The purpose of this review is to provide an updated overview of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based regenerative therapies in atherosclerosis. We aim to explore the mechanisms, recent advancements, and challenges associated with MSC applications in treating atherosclerosis.

Recent Findings

Recent studies highlight the potential of MSCs in modulating inflammation, promoting vascular repair, and reducing plaque formation in atherosclerosis. Novel approaches, such as hypoxia-conditioned MSCs and combination therapies with biomaterials, have shown promising results in preclinical models.

Summary

This review concludes that MSC-based therapies hold significant promise for treating atherosclerosis, but further clinical trials are needed to validate their safety and efficacy. Future research should focus on optimizing MSC delivery methods and understanding long-term outcomes.

Graphical Abstract

(A) Intramyocardial injection of MSCs has been shown to reduce plaque size in atherosclerosis. (B) The effects of MSC therapy on ischemic tissue occur via paracrine signals, in which MSCs produce chemicals such as PDGF, VEGF, FGF, HGF, TGF-β, and hGFG, which stimulate the formation of new blood vessels (angiogenesis).
Title
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Based-Regenerative Therapy in Atherosclerosis: an Updated Review
Authors
Hanie Mahaki
Mohsen Sheykhhasan
Hamid Reza Rahimi
Gholamhossein Kazemzadeh
Hassan Ravari
Sima Nobari
Hanieh Salmani Izadi
Susan Darroudi
Fatemeh Forouzanfar
Hamed Afkhami
Hamid Tanzadehpanah
Publication date
01-12-2026
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Current Cardiology Reports / Issue 1/2026
Print ISSN: 1523-3782
Electronic ISSN: 1534-3170
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11886-025-02332-6
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This content is intended for healthcare professionals outside of the UK.

Independent Medical Education Grant:
  • Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals Inc.
Learn more Link opens in a new window
Image Credits
Abstract graphic of layered, concentric circular shapes in bright green, pink, blue, and purple on a dark blue background. The rings and segments form a complex radial pattern without text/© Springer Health+ IME