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Irish Journal of Medical Science (1971 -)

22-09-2023 | Antiphospholipid Syndrome | Original Article

Non-criteria autoantibodies in antiphospholipid syndrome may be associated with underlying disease activity

Authors: Pınar Akyüz Dağlı, Abdulsamet Erden, Hakan Babaoğlu, Özlem Karakaş, Bahar Özdemir Ulusoy, Hatice Ecem Konak, Berkan Armağan, Şükran Erten, Ahmet Omma

Published in: Irish Journal of Medical Science (1971 -)

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Abstract

Background

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a systemic autoimmune disorder characterized by persistent antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs) with arterial and venous thrombosis and/or pregnancy morbidity. In recent years, several studies have highlighted the potential role of non-criteria aPL in diagnosing APS patients.

Aim

This study aimed to determine the association of the presence of non-criteria aPL antibodies to the clinical and laboratory features of patients with a diagnosis of APS.

Methods

Eighty patients diagnosed with APS and under observation in the rheumatology clinic of Ankara City Hospital were assessed. Patient demographic and clinical features were meticulously recorded. Non-criteria antibodies tested in our center included antiphosphatidylserine IgA, antiphosphatidylserine IgM, beta 2 glycoprotein IgA, anti-cardiolipin IgA, antiphospholipid antibody IgG, and antiphospholipid antibody IgM. Antibodies from patients who were tested for at least one non-criteria antibody were documented.

Results

Out of 80 patients, 55 (68.8%) were tested for at least one non-criteria antibody, and 29 of those patients (52.7%) tested positive for at least one non-criteria antibody. The antiphospholipid antibody IgM and the beta 2 glycoprotein IgA were the most commonly tested non-criteria antibodies. Patients with non-criteria antibody positivity had a higher frequency of Ds DNA positivity and low complement (62.0% vs. 35.0%, p = 0.042; 69.0% vs. 38.0%, p = 0.023), respectively. In addition, positivity for anti-cardiolipin IgG and b2 glycoprotein IgG was significantly higher in the group positive for non-criteria antibodies (79% vs. 31%, p ≤ 0.001; 72.0% vs. 19%, p ≤ 0.001). There was no significant difference between the clinical features of patients with at least one positivity for non-criteria antibodies and those without.

Conclusion

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is the most commonly associated disease with APS, being present in approximately 35% of cases [1]. Since the majority of the patient group in our study had APS that was secondary to SLE, non-criteria antibody positivity may be linked to the immunological activity of SLE. Large multicenter studies are necessary to investigate the clinical significance of isolated/combined positivity for criterion/non-criteria aPLs.
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Metadata
Title
Non-criteria autoantibodies in antiphospholipid syndrome may be associated with underlying disease activity
Authors
Pınar Akyüz Dağlı
Abdulsamet Erden
Hakan Babaoğlu
Özlem Karakaş
Bahar Özdemir Ulusoy
Hatice Ecem Konak
Berkan Armağan
Şükran Erten
Ahmet Omma
Publication date
22-09-2023
Publisher
Springer International Publishing
Published in
Irish Journal of Medical Science (1971 -)
Print ISSN: 0021-1265
Electronic ISSN: 1863-4362
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11845-023-03519-y
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