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Open Access 20-05-2024 | Anthracycline | Clinical trial

Long-term outcomes of neoadjuvant trastuzumab emtansine + pertuzumab (T-DM1 + P) and docetaxel + carboplatin + trastuzumab + pertuzumab (TCbHP) for HER2-positive primary breast cancer: results of the randomized phase 2 JBCRG20 study (Neo-peaks)

Authors: Toshimi Takano, Norikazu Masuda, Mitsuya Ito, Kenichi Inoue, Yuko Tanabe, Kousuke Kawaguchi, Hiroyuki Yasojima, Hiroko Bando, Rikiya Nakamura, Takashi Yamanaka, Kazushige Ishida, Tomoyuki Aruga, Yasuhiro Yanagita, Eriko Tokunaga, Kenjiro Aogi, Shinji Ohno, Hiroi Kasai, Tatsuki R. Kataoka, Satoshi Morita, Masakazu Toi

Published in: Breast Cancer Research and Treatment | Issue 1/2024

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Abstract

Purpose

The randomized phase 2 Neo-peaks study examined usefulness of neoadjuvant trastuzumab emtansine + pertuzumab (T-DM1 + P) following docetaxel + carboplatin + trastuzumab + pertuzumab (TCbHP) as compared with the standard TCbHP regimen. We previously reported that pCR rate after neoadjuvant therapy tended to be higher with TCbHP followed by T-DM1 + P. We conducted an exploratory analysis of prognosis 5 years after surgery.

Methods

Neoadjuvant treatment with TCbHP (6 cycles; group A), TCbHP (4 cycles) followed by T-DM1 + P (4 cycles; group B), and T-DM1 + P (4 cycles; group C, + 2 cycles in responders) were compared. Group C non-responders after 4 cycles were switched to an anthracycline-based regimen. We evaluated 5-year disease-free survival (DFS), distant DFS (DDFS), and overall survival (OS).

Results

Data from 203 patients (50, 52, and 101 in groups A–C, respectively) were analyzed. No significant intergroup differences were found for DFS, DDFS, or OS. The 5-year DFS rates (95% CI) were 91.8% (79.6–96.8%), 92.3% (80.8–97.0%), and 88.0% (79.9–93.0%) in groups A–C, respectively. TCbHP followed by T-DM1 + P and T-DM1 + P with response-guided addition of anthracycline therapy resulted in similar long-term prognosis to that of TCbHP.

Conclusions

In patients who achieved pCR after neoadjuvant therapy with T-DM1 + P, omission of adjuvant anthracycline may be considered, whereas treatment should be adjusted for non-pCR patients with residual disease. T-DM1 + P with response-guided treatment adjustment may be useful for minimizing toxicity.

Trial registration number and date of registration

UMIN-CTR, UMIN000014649, prospectively registered July 25, 2014. Some of the study results were presented as a Mini Oral session at the ESMO Breast Cancer 2023 (Berlin, Germany, 11–13 May 2023).
Appendix
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Metadata
Title
Long-term outcomes of neoadjuvant trastuzumab emtansine + pertuzumab (T-DM1 + P) and docetaxel + carboplatin + trastuzumab + pertuzumab (TCbHP) for HER2-positive primary breast cancer: results of the randomized phase 2 JBCRG20 study (Neo-peaks)
Authors
Toshimi Takano
Norikazu Masuda
Mitsuya Ito
Kenichi Inoue
Yuko Tanabe
Kousuke Kawaguchi
Hiroyuki Yasojima
Hiroko Bando
Rikiya Nakamura
Takashi Yamanaka
Kazushige Ishida
Tomoyuki Aruga
Yasuhiro Yanagita
Eriko Tokunaga
Kenjiro Aogi
Shinji Ohno
Hiroi Kasai
Tatsuki R. Kataoka
Satoshi Morita
Masakazu Toi
Publication date
20-05-2024
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Breast Cancer Research and Treatment / Issue 1/2024
Print ISSN: 0167-6806
Electronic ISSN: 1573-7217
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-024-07333-7

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