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Journal of Endocrinological Investigation

18-12-2024 | Short Review

An integrated view of the pathophysiological crosstalk between adipose tissue, bone and cardiovascular system in men and women

Authors: Fationa Tolaj Klinaku, Laura Comi, Claudia Giglione, Paolo Magni

Published in: Journal of Endocrinological Investigation

Abstract

Background

Obesity, bone-related and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are among the leading global health concerns. Growing evidence suggests that these conditions share common pathophysiological pathways and disease outcomes.

Pathogenetic interactions of obesity, CVD and bone-related diseases

Obesity is a well-established risk factor for atherosclerotic CVD (ASCVD), as dysfunctional ectopic adipose tissue may produce endocrine/paracrine hormones modulating metabolic processes and inflammation, predisposing to ASCVD. Although obesityhas been considered a protective factor for bone loss, it may lead to osteoporosis development and increased fracture risk at specific sites. Biological and epidemiological evidence has demonstrated the existence of a dynamic relationship between ASCVD and osteoporosis, since atherosclerotic calcification and bone mineralization share common pathophysiological mechanisms. Therefore, addressing ASCVD, obesity, and bone-related diseases requires multiple-level approach, which involve accurate screening, lifestyle modifications and pharmacological interventions.The current evidence about the pathophysiological relationships between obesity, bone-related diseases and ASCVD is discussed herein, highlighting common risk factors, proposed biomolecular mechanisms, clinical outcomes, lifestyle changes and pharmacological treatments.

Conclusions

As populations become increasingly older and obese, understanding the correlation within this triad highlights an unmet clinical need. Applying this knowledge would help to reduce both societal and individual costs, while supporting the development of novel preventive, diagnostic and therapeutic strategies to reduce morbidity and disability associated with cardio-metabolic and bone-related diseases.

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Title: An integrated view of the pathophysiological crosstalk between adipose tissue, bone and cardiovascular system in men and women
Authors: Fationa Tolaj Klinaku
Laura Comi
Claudia Giglione
Paolo Magni
Publication date: 18-12-2024
Publisher: Springer International Publishing
Published in: Journal of Endocrinological Investigation
Electronic ISSN: 1720-8386
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40618-024-02516-x

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