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BMC Geriatrics
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Open Access 01-12-2024 | Research

Adverse drug reactions and its associated factors among geriatric hospitalized patients at selected comprehensive specialized hospitals of the Amhara Region, Ethiopia: a multicenter prospective cohort study

Authors: Samuel Berihun Dagnew, Tilaye Arega Moges, Teklie Mengie Ayele, Samuel Agegnew Wondm, Taklo Simeneh Yazie, Fisseha Nigussie Dagnew

Published in: BMC Geriatrics | Issue 1/2024

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Abstract

Background

Adverse drug reactions are more prevalent in geriatric patients and are frequently associated with a range of polypharmacy-related issues as well as some physiological aging-related alterations. These affect the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of drugs. This study aimed to assess the magnitude of ADRs and their contributing factors among geriatric patients admitted at Comprehensive Specialized Hospitals of the Amhara Region.

Methods

A multicenter prospective cohort study was carried out from May 2023 to August 2023 on geriatric patients admitted to four randomly selected comprehensive hospitals in the Amhara region. We used logistic regression to find the factors influencing the occurrence of ADRs. A P value of less than 0.05 was deemed statistically significant.

Results

During the study’s follow-up period, 373 patients in total were included. An incidence rate of 31.10% (95% CI: 26.38–35.82) was obtained from the identification of 121 ADRs in total. The organ most frequently affected by ADRs was the gastrointestinal tract (28.92%), followed by the cardiovascular system (19.01%), and the drug class most often implicated in ADRs was antibiotics (21.49%), then anticoagulants (12.40%). ADRs were substantially linked to being overweight (P < 0.001), having been hospitalized in the previous six months (P = 0.000), and hyperpolypharmacy (p = 0.047). 93.39% of all ADRs received the interventions. 85.12% of the adverse drug reactions were successfully resolved.

Conclusions

This study found that over one-third of older people and individuals admitted to the hospital experienced ADRs. Overweight, hyperpolypharmacy, and patients who had previously been admitted during the preceding six months were significantly linked with the occurrence of ADRs. Improving the drug safety of elderly patients, particularly those who are admitted, should be a greater priority for healthcare professionals.
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Metadata
Title
Adverse drug reactions and its associated factors among geriatric hospitalized patients at selected comprehensive specialized hospitals of the Amhara Region, Ethiopia: a multicenter prospective cohort study
Authors
Samuel Berihun Dagnew
Tilaye Arega Moges
Teklie Mengie Ayele
Samuel Agegnew Wondm
Taklo Simeneh Yazie
Fisseha Nigussie Dagnew
Publication date
01-12-2024
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
BMC Geriatrics / Issue 1/2024
Electronic ISSN: 1471-2318
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-024-05515-y

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