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Journal of Medical Case Reports
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Open Access 12-06-2024 | Adrenocortical Adenoma | Case report

Ectopic adrenocortical adenoma characterized by hypogonadism: a case report and review of the literature

Authors: Zhihua Wang, Xueyu Zhong, Jiayu Yu, Huiqing Li, Juan Zheng

Published in: Journal of Medical Case Reports | Issue 1/2024

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Abstract

Background

Currently, there is a scarcity of cases and diagnostic data regarding ectopic adrenocortical adenomas, particularly in relation to their impact on gonadal function and localization diagnostic techniques. We report a typical case of ectopic adrenocortical adenomas and the data of treatment follow-up, and review the literature of 31 available cases of ectopic adrenocortical adenomas.

Case presentation

A 27-year-old Chinese female patient was admitted to our hospital for hypertension, hyperglycaemia and primary amenorrhea. The patient was functionally diagnosed with ACTH-independent CS and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. Radiological evaluations, including Computed Tomography (CT) and functional imaging, identified a mass at the left renal hilum. Histological assessments post-surgical excision confirmed the mass to be an ectopic adrenocortical adenoma. A subsequent 3-month follow-up showed no signs of disease recurrence, a swift recovery of the cortisol axis was observed, with a partial recuperation of the gonadal axis. Review: Our literature review shows that the most common ectopic areas of cortisol adenomas are renal hilum and hepatic region. The most positive biomarker is Melan A, and only a few cases have been diagnosed with functional localization.

Conclusion

Ectopic adrenocortical adenomas may be asymptomatic in the early stage and can impact gonadal function. Physicians who treat hypogonadism must be aware of the need to test cortisol levels and perform functional localization in patients with lumps present.
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Metadata
Title
Ectopic adrenocortical adenoma characterized by hypogonadism: a case report and review of the literature
Authors
Zhihua Wang
Xueyu Zhong
Jiayu Yu
Huiqing Li
Juan Zheng
Publication date
12-06-2024

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