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Respiratory Research
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Open Access 01-12-2023 | Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome | Correspondence

Comprehensive bronchoalveolar lavage characterization in COVID-19 associated acute respiratory distress syndrome patients: a prospective cohort study

Authors: Fiorella Calabrese, Francesca Lunardi, Elisa Baldasso, Federica Pezzuto, Asuman Kilitci, Gheorghe-Emilian Olteanu, Claudia Del Vecchio, Francesco Fortarezza, Annalisa Boscolo, Marco Schiavon, Luca Vedovelli, Annamaria Cattelan, Dario Gregori, Federico Rea, Paolo Navalesi

Published in: Respiratory Research | Issue 1/2023

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Abstract

COVID-19-related acute respiratory distress syndrome (CARDS) is associated with high mortality rates. We still have limited knowledge of the complex alterations developing in the lung microenvironment. The goal of the present study was to comprehensively analyze the cellular components, inflammatory signature, and respiratory pathogens in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) of CARDS patients (16) in comparison to those of other invasively mechanically ventilated patients (24). In CARDS patients, BAL analysis revealed: SARS-CoV-2 infection frequently associated with other respiratory pathogens, significantly higher neutrophil granulocyte percentage, remarkably low interferon-gamma expression, and high levels of interleukins (IL)-1β and IL-9. The most important predictive variables for worse outcomes were age, IL-18 expression, and BAL neutrophilia. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that was able to identify, through a comprehensive analysis of BAL, several aspects relevant to the complex pathophysiology of CARDS.
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Metadata
Title
Comprehensive bronchoalveolar lavage characterization in COVID-19 associated acute respiratory distress syndrome patients: a prospective cohort study
Authors
Fiorella Calabrese
Francesca Lunardi
Elisa Baldasso
Federica Pezzuto
Asuman Kilitci
Gheorghe-Emilian Olteanu
Claudia Del Vecchio
Francesco Fortarezza
Annalisa Boscolo
Marco Schiavon
Luca Vedovelli
Annamaria Cattelan
Dario Gregori
Federico Rea
Paolo Navalesi
Publication date
01-12-2023
Publisher
BioMed Central
Published in
Respiratory Research / Issue 1/2023
Electronic ISSN: 1465-993X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12931-023-02464-9

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